The 3CX default code is *5 http://www.3cx.com/blog/extension-user-manual/dial-codes/
However...whether it works, or not, may depend on the type of outgoing trunks you are using (VoIP), and if your provider supports it.
If you are using a PSTN gateway, then you would have to create an outbound rule, that appended the caller ID block prefix, used, in your location.