As mentioned by @ConceptsWeb, it is possible. But there are some limitations. Currently, there is no way to know what answered the phone call -- human, IVR, voicemail. So there is no guarantee that the message was received just because the phone call was answered. You could play the same message multiple times with the hope that an answering machine / voicemail box will answer and record the entire message.
We have a REST API for MakeCallPlayFile which makes it simple to call a number, play an audio file, and then hang up. I would also encourage you to take a look at our 3CX Power Dialer which was designed originally for this very purpose (appointment reminders). It does far more than just appointment reminders today.