I have three customers using Comcast and patton 4114 FXO gateways no problem with caller ID at all. Have you reached out to patton support? They are top of the line and I'd suggest thats where you'd start as that caller ID should be pulled directly from the incoming line going into the gateway. You are referring to incoming ID corrrect? not changing the outgoing caller ID to reflect any number youd want to display.
This turned out to be a Comcast problem, about a month ago my box died and they put a new one in. For some reason they never turned caller-id back on so we thought, here they have more than one system and the other system was not getting updated by the master...